DeepSeek R1 (reasoning) → CadQuery
B · Engineering-Aidedcomposite 60.3 [55.1, 64.7]p5 0.0IRT θ 74.0
DeepSeek + CadQuery 2.4· vr1-distill-70b + cadquery 2.4· released 2025-09-12· LLM+CadQuery· emits CadQuery· open· 128k ctx· $0.0007/$0.0014 per 1k tok
Open-weight reasoning baseline. Self-hosted on a single H100; results below assume bf16 with vLLM. Best public open-weight on PARAM tasks; lags closed-source on GD&T.
solid: agent · dashed: human baseline
PER-CATEGORY SCORE (95 % CI)
Geometric Primitives
74.0
Boolean Robustness
66.6
BREP Fidelity
75.0
Free-form Surfaces
82.2
Parametric Mechanical Parts
53.6
Assembly & Mating
49.4
Standards Compliance
54.3
Sheet-Metal Bodies
43.9
Sealing-Groove Design
65.0
Kinematic Mechanisms
65.4
DFM · 3-Axis CNC
62.1
DFM · Injection Mould
53.1
DFM · FDM 3D Print
46.1
CAM Toolpath Validity
59.8
Constraint Solving & Editability
70.9
Reverse Engineering
59.5
2-D Sketch Constraints
84.8
Functional Intent · FEA-Gated
57.7
Paraphrase Robustness
74.0
Confidence Calibration
37.3
MEAN METRICS BY LAYER
L1 · Geometry
| Category | Vol IoU | Chamfer | Hausdorff | NormCons | Watert. | Manif. | Euler | STEP RT | P@1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geometric Primitives | 0.505 | 0.151 | — | — | — | 0.804 | — | — | — |
| Boolean Robustness | 0.533 | — | — | — | — | 0.931 | — | — | — |
| BREP Fidelity | — | — | — | — | — | 0.932 | — | 0.107 | — |
| Free-form Surfaces | — | 0.257 | 1.241 | 0.742 | — | — | — | — | — |
L2 · Engineering
| Category | Dim RMSE | GD&T | FeatRec | Mating | Fit-Cls | Std |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parametric Mechanical Parts | 0.275 | 0.510 | 0.641 | — | — | — |
| Assembly & Mating | — | — | 0.632 | 0.552 | 0.297 | — |
| Standards Compliance | — | 0.528 | — | — | — | 0.558 |
| Sheet-Metal Bodies | 0.254 | — | 0.686 | — | — | — |
| Sealing-Groove Design | 0.283 | — | — | — | — | 0.584 |
| Kinematic Mechanisms | — | — | 0.657 | 0.552 | — | — |
L3 · Manufacturing
| Category | DFM | Draft | Min-Wall | CAM-Reach | Supp | Wall-Unif |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DFM · 3-Axis CNC | 75.700 | — | 0.557 | 0.550 | — | — |
| DFM · Injection Mould | — | 0.520 | 0.522 | — | — | 0.550 |
| DFM · FDM 3D Print | 77.200 | — | 0.546 | — | 0.492 | — |
| CAM Toolpath Validity | — | — | — | 0.558 | — | — |
L4 · Cognition
| Category | ParamEdit | ConSolve | P-Range | FEA-σ | Para σ | Seed σ | Brier | EditLat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constraint Solving & Editability | 0.716 | 0.761 | 0.649 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Reverse Engineering | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2-D Sketch Constraints | — | 0.771 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Functional Intent · FEA-Gated | — | — | — | 0.502 | — | — | — | — |
| Paraphrase Robustness | — | — | — | — | 0.039 | 0.065 | — | — |
| Confidence Calibration | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.127 | — |
TASK-BY-TASK ARTIFACTS
PRIM-001Hollow cylinder (60 × 40 × 100)0.7180.00PRIM-007Right hexagonal prism with pitch fillet0.0000.00BOOL-003Coplanar-face union (knife-edge stress)0.5930.00BOOL-009High-genus subtraction (lattice block)0.3980.00BREP-004NURBS-handle goblet (G2 swept loft)0.5050.00SURF-002Compressor blade (NACA 65-(12)10)0.2270.00MECH-014L-bracket with M6 + slotted hole0.4440.00MECH-022Stepped shaft with retaining-ring groove0.4740.00MECH-027Planetary-gear carrier plate0.0000.00ASM-005Pin-in-hole, H7/g6 sliding fit0.6140.00ASM-011Dovetail slide (60° flanks)0.4360.00STD-002ISO 4762 M8×30 socket-head cap screw0.5390.00SHEET-003U-channel bracket, 1.5 mm Al, k=0.400.6030.00SEAL-001AS568-214 face-seal groove0.6240.00KIN-002Four-bar linkage, Grashof crank-rocker0.3970.00DFMCNC-0023-ax-machinable manifold block0.3760.00DFMMOLD-002Injection-mouldable enclosure half0.3080.00DFMFDM-008FDM-printable hinge (no support)0.0000.00CAM-0015-pocket plate, Ø3 endmill finish0.4680.00PARAM-006Editable flange (bolt circle param sweep)0.5120.00PARAM-013Editable bracket (length+30 %, hole→M8)0.6480.00REVENG-002Three-view ortho → bracket0.3790.00REVENG-009Three-view ortho → housing with cores0.3590.00SKETCH-003Tangent-arc transition profile0.6320.00FUNC-001Cantilever bracket — 250 N tip load, 6061-T6, SF≥40.4370.00FUNC-007Heat-sink fin array for 25 W TO-2200.3560.00PARA-0015× paraphrased L-bracket0.5530.00CAL-003Confidence-calibrated planetary carrier0.4060.00PRIM-002Sphere with planar cap0.5690.00PRIM-003Right truncated cone (frustum)0.6420.00PRIM-004Square-base pyramid frustum0.5660.00PRIM-005Tilted-axis box (30°)0.5310.00PRIM-009Hollow torus (Ø100 mean × Ø8 tube, 1 mm wall)0.5100.00BOOL-001Tangent cylinder onto cube (line-of-contact)0.5320.00BOOL-002Two interpenetrating spheres (lens intersection)0.7080.00BOOL-005ε-offset extrusion (sliver-face stress)0.4350.00BREP-001Periodic-spline cylinder (closed in U)0.5140.00BREP-002G1-only loft (tangent discontinuity)0.6760.00BREP-007Trimmed sphere with hole through pole0.5990.00SURF-001Ergonomic mug handle (revolved spline)0.3930.00SURF-007Mouse top-shell (Class-A)0.3570.00MECH-002Bearing block — two 6204 deep-groove bearings0.5880.00MECH-005Cam-follower lever (eccentric pivot)0.5310.00MECH-018Heat-set insert boss array (4× M3)0.4020.00MECH-031Threaded cap with diamond knurl0.6440.00ASM-001Threaded coupling M16×1.5 (male+female pair)0.4760.00ASM-008Spline shaft + hub (DIN 5480 W25×1.25×18)0.4050.00ASM-013Bayonet quarter-turn mount0.4960.00STD-001ISO 7050 self-tapping screw ST4.2 × 160.4560.00STD-005ISO 8734 dowel pin Ø6 m6 × 300.3680.00STD-008ASME B18.6.3 button-head 1/4-20 × 5/80.3140.00SHEET-001Box-pan with corner relief cuts0.5520.00SHEET-0073-bend electronics chassis0.0000.00SEAL-004AS568-218 piston-type radial groove0.5400.00SEAL-007ISO 3601-2 quad-ring face groove0.4480.00KIN-005Geneva drive — 4 station0.2930.00KIN-008Planetary gearset full mesh (sun + 3 planets + ring)0.4630.00DFMCNC-0054-pocket plate, R 0.5 internal corners0.4950.00DFMCNC-009Long-aspect bracket (vise-fixturable)0.4150.00DFMCNC-0135-axis-only fish-mouth saddle0.6060.00DFMMOLD-005Telephone handset shell0.4190.00DFMFDM-002Bridge-test calibration cube0.6140.00DFMFDM-011Print-in-place hinge0.4700.00CAM-005T-slot pocket array (Ø 8 + Ø 4 endmills)0.3690.00PARAM-009Configurable bottle (height + cap params)0.5760.00REVENG-005ABC dataset stepped pulley (multi-view)0.4670.00SKETCH-014Symmetric four-bar profile0.6460.00FUNC-003Heat-sink for 60 W CoB LED0.3630.00PARA-0055× paraphrased planetary carrier0.4770.00CAL-007Confidence-bracketed mounting flange0.3700.00