Preprint · cad-bench/v0.5 · sweep 2026-04-12open · MIT
CAD·Benchv0.5
← all agents

Gemini 2.5 Pro → OpenSCAD

B · Engineering-Aided
composite 54.6 [49.9, 59.8]p5 33.3IRT θ 8.4
Google + OpenSCAD 2024.06· v2.5-pro + openscad 2024.06· released 2026-02-01· LLM+OpenSCAD· emits OpenSCAD· proprietary· 2000k ctx· $0.0035/$0.0105 per 1k tok

Mesh-only output (OpenSCAD does not produce BREP); STEP round-trip therefore disabled. CSG kernel: CGAL.

L1 GeomL2 EngL3 MfgL4 Cogvs. human
solid: agent · dashed: human baseline

PER-CATEGORY SCORE (95 % CI)

Geometric Primitives
84.2
Boolean Robustness
60.6
BREP Fidelity
33.3
Free-form Surfaces
82.6
Parametric Mechanical Parts
55.2
Assembly & Mating
39.9
Standards Compliance
47.9
Sheet-Metal Bodies
58.5
Sealing-Groove Design
62.0
Kinematic Mechanisms
51.8
DFM · 3-Axis CNC
57.5
DFM · Injection Mould
50.7
DFM · FDM 3D Print
71.3
CAM Toolpath Validity
49.8
Constraint Solving & Editability
55.1
Reverse Engineering
55.4
2-D Sketch Constraints
72.5
Functional Intent · FEA-Gated
47.6
Paraphrase Robustness
78.8
Confidence Calibration
34.9

MEAN METRICS BY LAYER

L1 · Geometry
CategoryVol IoUChamferHausdorffNormConsWatert.Manif.EulerSTEP RTP@1
Geometric Primitives0.5190.1670.931
Boolean Robustness0.4960.928
BREP Fidelity0.850
Free-form Surfaces0.2271.2960.748
L2 · Engineering
CategoryDim RMSEGD&TFeatRecMatingFit-ClsStd
Parametric Mechanical Parts0.2600.4210.494
Assembly & Mating0.5280.4580.213
Standards Compliance0.4520.505
Sheet-Metal Bodies0.2420.486
Sealing-Groove Design0.2550.494
Kinematic Mechanisms0.4870.453
L3 · Manufacturing
CategoryDFMDraftMin-WallCAM-ReachSuppWall-Unif
DFM · 3-Axis CNC75.3000.5280.443
DFM · Injection Mould0.4790.5580.484
DFM · FDM 3D Print78.1000.5040.294
CAM Toolpath Validity0.448
L4 · Cognition
CategoryParamEditConSolveP-RangeFEA-σPara σSeed σBrierEditLat
Constraint Solving & Editability0.5590.5860.508
Reverse Engineering
2-D Sketch Constraints0.528
Functional Intent · FEA-Gated0.379
Paraphrase Robustness0.0360.049
Confidence Calibration0.151

TASK-BY-TASK ARTIFACTS

PRIM-001Hollow cylinder (60 × 40 × 100)0.4990.00PRIM-007Right hexagonal prism with pitch fillet0.5390.00BOOL-003Coplanar-face union (knife-edge stress)0.6140.00BOOL-009High-genus subtraction (lattice block)0.3780.00BREP-004NURBS-handle goblet (G2 swept loft)0.0000.00SURF-002Compressor blade (NACA 65-(12)10)0.3390.00MECH-014L-bracket with M6 + slotted hole0.3080.00MECH-022Stepped shaft with retaining-ring groove0.3920.00MECH-027Planetary-gear carrier plate0.3390.00ASM-005Pin-in-hole, H7/g6 sliding fit0.3350.00ASM-011Dovetail slide (60° flanks)0.2790.00STD-002ISO 4762 M8×30 socket-head cap screw0.4150.00SHEET-003U-channel bracket, 1.5 mm Al, k=0.400.3590.00SEAL-001AS568-214 face-seal groove0.3600.00KIN-002Four-bar linkage, Grashof crank-rocker0.2740.00DFMCNC-0023-ax-machinable manifold block0.3000.00DFMMOLD-002Injection-mouldable enclosure half0.3790.00DFMFDM-008FDM-printable hinge (no support)0.5170.00CAM-0015-pocket plate, Ø3 endmill finish0.4160.00PARAM-006Editable flange (bolt circle param sweep)0.4970.00PARAM-013Editable bracket (length+30 %, hole→M8)0.4530.00REVENG-002Three-view ortho → bracket0.4030.00REVENG-009Three-view ortho → housing with cores0.4490.00SKETCH-003Tangent-arc transition profile0.7180.00FUNC-001Cantilever bracket — 250 N tip load, 6061-T6, SF≥40.1820.00FUNC-007Heat-sink fin array for 25 W TO-2200.1460.00PARA-0015× paraphrased L-bracket0.6730.00CAL-003Confidence-calibrated planetary carrier0.3080.00