GPT-5 → CadQuery
A · Engineering-Capablecomposite 67.1 [63.7, 70.6]p5 52.5IRT θ 76.8
OpenAI + CadQuery 2.4· vgpt-5 + cadquery 2.4· released 2026-03-08· LLM+CadQuery· emits CadQuery· proprietary· 400k ctx· $0.01/$0.04 per 1k tok
Same scaffold as the Claude pipeline for fair comparison. Self-repair budget capped at 3 attempts.
solid: agent · dashed: human baseline
PER-CATEGORY SCORE (95 % CI)
Geometric Primitives
87.5
Boolean Robustness
74.5
BREP Fidelity
62.6
Free-form Surfaces
84.5
Parametric Mechanical Parts
68.7
Assembly & Mating
53.7
Standards Compliance
62.1
Sheet-Metal Bodies
71.2
Sealing-Groove Design
73.8
Kinematic Mechanisms
66.7
DFM · 3-Axis CNC
69.0
DFM · Injection Mould
57.2
DFM · FDM 3D Print
76.8
CAM Toolpath Validity
68.3
Constraint Solving & Editability
70.8
Reverse Engineering
66.0
2-D Sketch Constraints
83.8
Functional Intent · FEA-Gated
61.4
Paraphrase Robustness
77.3
Confidence Calibration
34.7
MEAN METRICS BY LAYER
L1 · Geometry
| Category | Vol IoU | Chamfer | Hausdorff | NormCons | Watert. | Manif. | Euler | STEP RT | P@1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geometric Primitives | 0.628 | 0.147 | — | — | — | 0.944 | — | — | — |
| Boolean Robustness | 0.548 | — | — | — | — | 0.933 | — | — | — |
| BREP Fidelity | — | — | — | — | — | 0.918 | — | 0.135 | — |
| Free-form Surfaces | — | 0.206 | 1.111 | 0.771 | — | — | — | — | — |
L2 · Engineering
| Category | Dim RMSE | GD&T | FeatRec | Mating | Fit-Cls | Std |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parametric Mechanical Parts | 0.216 | 0.574 | 0.701 | — | — | — |
| Assembly & Mating | — | — | 0.675 | 0.560 | 0.376 | — |
| Standards Compliance | — | 0.557 | — | — | — | 0.686 |
| Sheet-Metal Bodies | 0.234 | — | 0.736 | — | — | — |
| Sealing-Groove Design | 0.244 | — | — | — | — | 0.720 |
| Kinematic Mechanisms | — | — | 0.659 | 0.575 | — | — |
L3 · Manufacturing
| Category | DFM | Draft | Min-Wall | CAM-Reach | Supp | Wall-Unif |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DFM · 3-Axis CNC | 80.500 | — | 0.617 | 0.647 | — | — |
| DFM · Injection Mould | — | 0.522 | 0.607 | — | — | 0.588 |
| DFM · FDM 3D Print | 79.500 | — | 0.658 | — | 0.295 | — |
| CAM Toolpath Validity | — | — | — | 0.639 | — | — |
L4 · Cognition
| Category | ParamEdit | ConSolve | P-Range | FEA-σ | Para σ | Seed σ | Brier | EditLat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constraint Solving & Editability | 0.694 | 0.745 | 0.686 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Reverse Engineering | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2-D Sketch Constraints | — | 0.745 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Functional Intent · FEA-Gated | — | — | — | 0.512 | — | — | — | — |
| Paraphrase Robustness | — | — | — | — | 0.037 | 0.054 | — | — |
| Confidence Calibration | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.153 | — |
TASK-BY-TASK ARTIFACTS
PRIM-001Hollow cylinder (60 × 40 × 100)0.6780.00PRIM-007Right hexagonal prism with pitch fillet0.5780.00BOOL-003Coplanar-face union (knife-edge stress)0.6170.00BOOL-009High-genus subtraction (lattice block)0.4800.00BREP-004NURBS-handle goblet (G2 swept loft)0.4400.00SURF-002Compressor blade (NACA 65-(12)10)0.4000.00MECH-014L-bracket with M6 + slotted hole0.6250.00MECH-022Stepped shaft with retaining-ring groove0.5850.00MECH-027Planetary-gear carrier plate0.6930.00ASM-005Pin-in-hole, H7/g6 sliding fit0.5820.00ASM-011Dovetail slide (60° flanks)0.5070.00STD-002ISO 4762 M8×30 socket-head cap screw0.5790.00SHEET-003U-channel bracket, 1.5 mm Al, k=0.400.5560.00SEAL-001AS568-214 face-seal groove0.7310.00KIN-002Four-bar linkage, Grashof crank-rocker0.5230.00DFMCNC-0023-ax-machinable manifold block0.4490.00DFMMOLD-002Injection-mouldable enclosure half0.5330.00DFMFDM-008FDM-printable hinge (no support)0.5710.00CAM-0015-pocket plate, Ø3 endmill finish0.5360.00PARAM-006Editable flange (bolt circle param sweep)0.6300.00PARAM-013Editable bracket (length+30 %, hole→M8)0.5770.00REVENG-002Three-view ortho → bracket0.4420.00REVENG-009Three-view ortho → housing with cores0.5500.00SKETCH-003Tangent-arc transition profile0.6720.00FUNC-001Cantilever bracket — 250 N tip load, 6061-T6, SF≥40.3050.00FUNC-007Heat-sink fin array for 25 W TO-2200.4130.00PARA-0015× paraphrased L-bracket0.6570.00CAL-003Confidence-calibrated planetary carrier0.3210.00